Type of statistics and compare them with example

There are two major types of statistics-

1. Descriptive statistics 
2. Inferential statistics

• Descriptive Statistics - The branch of statistics devoted to the summarization and description of data is called descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics consists of a method for organizing and summarizing information.

              Descriptive statistics include the construction of graphs, charts, and tables. and the                           calculation of various descriptive measures such as averages, measures of variation, and                       percentiles. In fact, most part of this course deals with descriptive statistics.

• Inferential statistics - The branch of statistics concerned with using sample data to make an inference about a population of data is called inferential statistics. Inferential statistics consists of a method for drawing and obtained from a sample of the population.

              Inferential statistics includes methods like point estimation, interval estimation and                          hypothesis testing which are all based on probability theory.

Example ( Descriptive and Inferential Statistics) - consider the event of toddling dice. The dive is rolled 100 times and the results are forming the sample data. Descriptive statistics are used to grouping
the sample data to the following data. Descriptive statistics are used to grouping the sample data to the following table
Inferential statistics can now be used to verify whether the dice is fair or not.

 Descriptive and inferential statistics are interrelated. It is almost always necessary to use methods of descriptive statistics to organize and summarize the information obtained from a sample before methods of inferential statistics can be used to make a more thorough analysis of the subject under investigation. Furthermore, the preliminary descriptive analysis of a sample often reveals features that lead to the choice of the appropriate inferential method to be later used.

Sometimes it is possible to collect the data from the whole population. In that case, it is possible to perform a descriptive study on the population as well as usually on the sample. Only when an inference is made about the population based on information obtained from the sample does the study become inferential.